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Flora Antarctica
The ''Flora Antarctica'' or formally ''The Botany of the Antarctic Voyage of H.M. Discovery Ships Erebus and Terror in the years 1839–1843, under the Command of Captain Sir James Clark Ross'', is a description of the voyage visiting a number of islands off the coast of the Antarctic continent, and a description of the plant species newly discovered during that voyage, written by Joseph Dalton Hooker and published in 1944 by Reeve Brothers in London. Hooker sailed on HMS Erebus as assistant surgeon.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= The Erebus voyage )〕 The larger part of the plant specimens collected during this expedition are now part of the Kew Herbarium.
== Summary of the voyage ==
The British government fitted out an expedition to investigate magnetism and marine geography in high southern latitudes, which sailed with two ships on 29 September 1939 from Chatham. The ships docked at Madeira, Tenerife, the Cape Verde archipelago, Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago, Trinidad to arrive at the Cape of Good Hope on 4 April 1840. On 21 April the giant kelp ''Macrocystis pyrifera'' was found off Marion Island, but no landfall could be made there or on the Crozet Islands due to the harsh winds. On 12 May the ships anchored at Christmas Harbour for two and a half months, during which all plants previously encountered by James Cook on the Kerguelen Islands were collected. On 20 July they sailed again to arrive on 16 August at the River Derwent, to remain in Tasmania until 12 November. A week later the flotilla stopped at Lord Auckland's Islands and Campbell's Island for the spring months. Large floating forests of Macrocystis and ''Durvillaea'' were found until the ships run into the icebergs at latitude 61° S. Pack-ice was met at 68° S and longitude 175°. During this part of the voyage Victoria Land, Mount Erebus and Mount Terror were discovered. After returning to Tasmania for three months, the flotilla went via Sydney to the Bay of Islands, and stayed for three months in New Zealand to collect the plants. From 6 April 1842 a long stay in the Falklands began were the flora was investigated to supplement the work of Admiral D’Urville and of the crew of the Uranie. When visiting the Hermite Islands seedlings of the deciduous ''Nothofagus antarctica'' and the evergreen ''Nothofagus betuloides'' were collected from this southernmost location of any tree (currently neighboring Hoste Island, slightly more to the North, is commonly mentioned as the southernmost location for trees ). These were planted on the Falklands and some were later brought to Kew. Other plants were also collected. On Cockburn’s Island twenty cryptogam species were found. The ships returned at the Cape of Good Hope on 4 April 1843. At the end of the journey specimens of some fifteen hundred plant species had been collected and preserved.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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